[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":116},["ShallowReactive",2],{"activity-en-3.7":3,"sector-for-en-3.7":89},{"id":4,"title":5,"activityCode":6,"activityType":7,"body":8,"description":71,"dnsh":72,"extension":77,"meta":78,"naceCodes":79,"navigation":81,"path":82,"sector":83,"seo":84,"stem":85,"substantialContribution":86,"__hash__":88},"activities_en\u002Fen\u002Fsectors\u002Fmanufacturing\u002Factivities\u002F3-7-cement.md","Manufacture of Cement","3.7","standard",{"type":9,"value":10,"toc":61},"minimark",[11,16,20,23,26,30,33,37,40,44,47,51,54,58],[12,13,15],"h2",{"id":14},"substantial-contribution-to-climate-change-mitigation","Substantial Contribution to Climate Change Mitigation",[17,18,19],"p",{},"The specific GHG emissions from clinker production must not exceed 0.722 tCO2e per tonne of clinker (Scope 1 and 2). For grey cement, the specific emissions must not exceed 0.469 tCO2e per tonne of cement. These thresholds represent the top 10% performance benchmark in the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS).",[17,21,22],{},"Emissions must be calculated in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2019\u002F331 (free allocation rules) and verified by an accredited verifier. The boundary covers all direct emissions from raw material calcination, fuel combustion in kilns, and indirect emissions from electricity consumption. Alternative fuels (biomass, waste-derived fuels) and supplementary cementitious materials (fly ash, slag, calcined clay) may be used to reduce the clinker-to-cement ratio and achieve the emission thresholds.",[17,24,25],{},"BAT as defined in the Cement, Lime and Magnesium Oxide BREF (2013) must be applied, including dry-process kilns with multistage preheating and precalcination, waste heat recovery, and process optimisation. Plants must hold a valid EU ETS installation permit.",[12,27,29],{"id":28},"substantial-contribution-to-climate-change-adaptation","Substantial Contribution to Climate Change Adaptation",[17,31,32],{},"A CRVA in accordance with Appendix A must be performed, assessing climate risks to the cement plant under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios over its remaining operational lifetime.",[12,34,36],{"id":35},"dnsh-climate-change-adaptation","DNSH: Climate Change Adaptation",[17,38,39],{},"Physical climate risks must be identified and managed, particularly water scarcity risks affecting cooling and process water, extreme heat impacting kiln operations, and flooding risks to raw material storage.",[12,41,43],{"id":42},"dnsh-water-and-marine-resources","DNSH: Water and Marine Resources",[17,45,46],{},"The activity must comply with the Water Framework Directive. Process water and cooling water discharge must meet BAT-AELs as defined in the CLM BREF. Stormwater runoff from raw material stockpiles must be managed to prevent contamination of water bodies.",[12,48,50],{"id":49},"dnsh-circular-economy","DNSH: Circular Economy",[17,52,53],{},"Co-processing of waste materials as alternative fuels and raw materials must follow the waste hierarchy. Cement kiln dust must be recycled where feasible. Concrete demolition waste must be considered as a supplementary raw material source.",[12,55,57],{"id":56},"dnsh-pollution-prevention-and-control","DNSH: Pollution Prevention and Control",[17,59,60],{},"The activity must comply with the Industrial Emissions Directive and CLM BREF BAT conclusions. Dust emissions must not exceed 10 mg\u002FNm3 (BAT-AEL for kiln stack). NOx emissions must remain below 200 mg\u002FNm3 (using SNCR) or 100 mg\u002FNm3 (using SCR). SO2 emissions must remain below 50 mg\u002FNm3. Mercury emissions must not exceed 0.05 mg\u002FNm3. Dioxin and furan emissions must remain below 0.05-0.1 ng I-TEQ\u002FNm3.",{"title":62,"searchDepth":63,"depth":63,"links":64},"",2,[65,66,67,68,69,70],{"id":14,"depth":63,"text":15},{"id":28,"depth":63,"text":29},{"id":35,"depth":63,"text":36},{"id":42,"depth":63,"text":43},{"id":49,"depth":63,"text":50},{"id":56,"depth":63,"text":57},"Production of cement clinker, grey cement, white cement, and alternative binder systems with specific CO2 emission thresholds.",[73,74,75,76],"cca","water","ce","pp","md",{},[80],"C23.51",true,"\u002Fen\u002Fsectors\u002Fmanufacturing\u002Factivities\u002F3-7-cement","manufacturing",{"title":5,"description":71},"en\u002Fsectors\u002Fmanufacturing\u002Factivities\u002F3-7-cement",[87,73],"ccm","kNMNomfwdwq0bZ_m3v76CIJ-2RlTOT488bpDnesSHNY",{"id":90,"title":91,"activityCount":92,"body":93,"description":106,"extension":77,"icon":107,"meta":108,"naceCodeRange":109,"navigation":81,"objectives":110,"path":111,"sectorNumber":112,"seo":113,"stem":114,"__hash__":115},"sectors_en\u002Fen\u002Fsectors\u002Fmanufacturing.md","Manufacturing",16,{"type":9,"value":94,"toc":104},[95,98,101],[17,96,97],{},"Manufacturing is one of the largest sectors in the EU Taxonomy, covering 16 economic activities across a broad range of industrial production. From cement and steel to batteries and hydrogen, this sector addresses the most carbon-intensive value chains in the European economy.",[17,99,100],{},"The technical screening criteria set ambitious emission intensity thresholds for each manufacturing activity. For example, cement production must meet specific clinker-to-cement ratios and CO2 emission limits, while steel manufacturing must demonstrate compliance with best-available-technology benchmarks. The sector also includes enabling activities -- manufacturing of components for renewable energy, electric vehicles, and energy-efficient equipment.",[17,102,103],{},"Circular economy objectives are particularly relevant here. The Taxonomy requires manufacturers to demonstrate resource efficiency, waste minimisation, and design-for-durability principles. Climate adaptation criteria ensure that production facilities incorporate physical climate risk assessments and implement appropriate resilience measures against flooding, heat stress, and supply chain disruptions.",{"title":62,"searchDepth":63,"depth":63,"links":105},[],"Industrial production activities aligned with low-carbon processes, energy efficiency, and circular material use.","lucide:factory",{},"C10-C33",[87,73,75],"\u002Fen\u002Fsectors\u002Fmanufacturing",3,{"title":91,"description":106},"en\u002Fsectors\u002Fmanufacturing","OKFZV1iMbCzAc381pxv59rRLbweM_ehvvcLRUGQSGVc",1775591373515]